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A traditional ballot usually asks you to pick your favorite from a list of choices. This ballot fails to provide any information on how a voter would rank the alternatives if their first choice was unsuccessful. A preference ballot is a ballot in which the voter ranks the choices in order of preference.
Their votes are shown below:. These individual ballots are typically combined into one preference schedule , which shows the number of voters in the top row that voted for each option:.
The following video will give you a summary of what issues can arise from elections, as well as how a preference table is used in elections.
In this method, the choice with the most first-preference votes is declared the winner. Ties are possible, and would have to be settled through some sort of run-off vote. Which candidate wins under the plurality method? The election from the above example may seem totally clean, but there is a problem lurking that arises whenever there are three or more choices. Looking back at our preference table, how would our members vote if they only had two choices? That hardly seems fair. Marquis de Condorcet, a French philosopher, mathematician, and political scientist wrote about how this could happen in , and for him we name our first fairness criterion.
If there is a choice that is preferred in every one-to-one comparison with the other choices, that choice should be the winner. We call this winner the Condorcet Winner , or Condorcet Candidate. We see above that Hawaii is preferred over Anaheim. Comparing Hawaii to Orlando, we can see 6 out of 10 would prefer Hawaii to Orlando. Since Hawaii is preferred in a one-to-one comparison to both other choices, Hawaii is the Condorcet Winner.
Even though city council is technically a nonpartisan office, people generally know the affiliations of the candidates.
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