Nazi Organizations. German Police. Bund Deutscher Madel. Reich Security Main Office. Schutzstaffel SS. Sicherheitsdienst SD. The Third Reich.
Homosexuals in the Third Reich. Law and Justice. Military Organization. Power Structure. Political Parties. Women of the Third Reich. Application to the Nazi Party. Appeal of New Government to German People. Appeal to Working Germans by Labor Front. The Economic Situation of the Jews. From that point forward, the Hitler Youth became the only legal youth movement in Nazi Germany. The regime threatened to punish those who failed to comply. The Nazi Party viewed youth as the foundation of a new world.
Young people were future party members, mothers, and soldiers. They hoped to teach children to be both racially conscious and physically fit in order to build a new future for Germany. As a symbol of the future, the Hitler Youth were often present at Nazi Party rallies and marches, including the annual Nuremberg rallies. The Hitler Youth was a paramilitary organization. It was designed to train boys as future fighters and soldiers for the Nazi cause.
As an official organization of the Nazi state, the Hitler Youth had a military structure at the local, regional, and national levels. Boys practiced military drills and learned to handle weapons. They also worked on farms in the summer and participated in competitive sports, especially boxing.
Some boys enjoyed the physical challenge, competition, and camaraderie. Others, however, found the constant focus on preparing for war and sacrificing themselves for the fatherland overwhelming and alienating.
The League of German Girls was intended to prepare girls to be future wives and mothers. Girls also participated in physical activities, such as gymnastics. These activities served to demonstrate the value of working together. The League trained girls to care for the home and family. Girls learned skills such as sewing, nursing, cooking, and household chores.
The Nazi state tried to create a homogenous youth culture through its Hitler Youth organizations. However, some youth refused to participate. Sometimes this was a political or religious statement. At other times their refusal was based on adolescent rebellion or individualism. Especially common in big cities, illegal youth groups rejected Hitler Youth culture. These youth groups tended to dislike conformity and militarization.
They typically wore different styles of clothing and engaged in less structured social activities. Many illegal youth groups were for both girls and boys. Some even encouraged more fluid gender roles than the rigid Hitler Youth structure allowed. These informal, alternative youth groups each took on their own characteristics.
The Leipzig Meuten were a Communist-inspired anti-Nazi group. The rough and tumble Edelweiss Pirates sometimes physically fought with Hitler Youth members. The Swing Kids — an alternative youth group most prominent in Hamburg — danced swing and listened to jazz. They wore their hair long and dressed in an American or British style. These rebellious youth ran the real risk of being arrested by the Gestapo and imprisoned in concentration camps. By the outbreak of war in , the Hitler Youth had already prepared a generation of young people to fight the war and occupy foreign territory.
The young men and women who had joined the Hitler Youth in the early s had been taught practical skills and Nazi ideas. Those who had already turned eighteen used this knowledge to serve the German war effort. They worked as soldiers , policemen , secretaries, nurses, and doctors.
The next generation of Hitler Youth members were still too young to join the military and other Nazi organizations.
But, they too had a role to play in the war. For example, they organized care packages for troops at the front. Older boys and girls even deployed to some of the territories annexed by Germany before and at the start of the war. The Nazis believed that ethnic German populations living outside the borders of prewar Germany needed to be re-Germanized. The Hitler Youth taught the German language and other German cultural traditions in these communities.
The HJ aimed to: control the activities of young people outside the classroom; make them loyal to Hitler; train boys to be soldiers and prepare girls to be wives and mothers. There were many reasons why young people joined the movements: Initially membership was voluntary, but it was made compulsory in Young people also joined because of peer pressure.
They were attracted by the novel activities, such as camping. It was a chance to reject the authority and values of their parents.
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